DIASPORAS AND ETHNIC MIGRANTS Germany, Israel and Post-Soviet Successor States in comparative Perspective Editors: Rainer Münz and Rainer Ohliger Frank Cass London-Portland,Or 2003, 460 pages

В результате политических перемен, происходивших между 1989 и 1992 годами, этническое расслаивание и этнические перемещения в Европе достигли новой кульминационной точки. Создание независимых государств после дезинтеграции Советского Союза и краха Югославии очень сильно повлияло на динамику межэтнических отношений вообще и отношений между этническим большинством и этническими меньшинствами, в частности. В новых государствах представители недавних титульных народов (например, русские или сербы) превратились в этнические меньшинства. Такие новые государства, как Хорватия, Эстония и Македония, столкнулись с тем, что значительные доли их населения состоят из меньшинств. Приблизительно 25 миллионов (этнических) русских стали меньшинствами в государствах-преемниках бывшего Советского Союза, и это обусловило "возвратную миграцию" в Россию. Всего же в ХХ столетии в Европе были перемещены, переселились или были изгнаны в ходе "этнических чисток" от 40 до 60 миллионов человек.

В книге на примере трех стран - Германии, Израиля и России, сильно затронутых этническими миграциями последнего времени, - исследуются причины и практика таких миграций и порождаемые ими вызовы.

Contents

Notes on Contributors
List of Tables, Figures, Maps and Photographs
Acknowledgements

PART I. INTRODUCTION

1 Diasporas and Ethnic Migrants in Twentieth-Century Europe: A Comparative Perspective
Rainer Ohliger and Rainer Münz

PART II. THEORETICAL AND COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVES

2 From Diasporas to Migrants, from Migrants to Disaporas
Gabriel Sheffer

3 Minority Existence in Twentieth-Century Central and Eastern Europe: Between Self and Other?
Rainer Ohliger

4 The American Model of Diasporic Discourse
Khachig Tölöyan

PART III. MAKING AND UNMAKING DIASPORAS:
ETHNIC UNMIXING AND FORCED MIGRATIONS IN TWENTIETH-CENTURY EUROPE

5 The Spell of the Homogeneous Nation-State: Structural Factors and Agents of Ethnic Cleansing
Philipp Ther

6 Ethnic Cleansing as an Invention of the Twentieth Century: An Account of Expulsions in Europe
Karl Schlögel

7 Ethnic Migrations of the 1990s from and to the Successor States of the Former Soviet Union: 'Repatriation' or Privileged Migration?
Anne de Tinguy

PART IV. RUSSIA AND THE POST-SOVIET SUCCESSOR STATES:
NEW DIASPORAS AND ETHNIC MIGRANTS

8 The End of an Empire: Migration and the Changing Nationality Composition of the Soviet Successor States
Tim Heleniak

9 The Dissolution of the Soviet Union and Post-Soviet Ethnic Migration: The Return of Diasporas?
Anatoly Vishnevsky

10 Returning Home? Approaches to Repatriation and Migrant Resettlement in Post-Soviet Russia
Moya Flynn

11 Social Citizenship and Non-Migration: The Immobility of the Russian Diaspora in the Baltics
Wim van Meurs

12 Today's Politics and Yesterday's Embitterments: Ethnic Restructuring and its Aftermath in the Baltic States
Dovilé Budryté

13 The Russian-Speaking Identity under the Latvian Language Policy
Jekaterina Dorodnova

14 Russians Abroad: Citizenship and Political Community in Estonia and Kazakhstan
Jacqueline McLaren-Miller

PART V. GERMANY: ETHNIC MIGRATION AND
DIASPORA EXISTENCE IN TRANSITION

15 Ethnic Germans in Central and Eastern Europe and their Return to Germany
Rainer Münz

16 Young Ethnic German Immigrants from the Former Soviet Union: German Language Proficiency and its Impact on Integration
Heike Roll

17 The Politicization of Ethnic German Immigrants: The Transformation of State Priorities
Daniel Levy

18 Who Organizes? The Political Opportunity Structure of Co-Ethnic Migrant Mobilization
Amanda Klekowski von Koppenfels

PART VI. ISRAEL: OLD DIASPORAS AND NEW IMMIGRANTS

19 Immigration and Ethnicity in Israel: Returning Diaspora and Nation-Building
Moshe Semyonov and Noah Lewin-Epstein

Integration and Social Dynamic of Ethnic Migration: The Jews from the Former Soviet Union in Israel
William Berthomière

The Russian Language as a Base Factor: The Formation of the Russian Community in Israel
Marina Niznik

A Case Study in Transnationalism: Russian Jewish Immigrants in Israel of the 1990s
Larissa I. Remennik

The End of 'Normality': The Diasporization of Israel?
William Safran

References Index